﻿ Astronomy Picture of the Day [1]Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2021 June 23 IFRAME: [2]https://www.youtube.com/embed/BEckYJwCJno?rel=0 STARFORGE: A Star Formation Simulation Video & Text Credit: [3]Michael Y. Grudić ([4]Northwestern U.) [5]et al., [6]STARFORGE Collaboration; Music: [7]Prelude, Op. 28, No. 4 in E Minor ([8]Frédéric Chopin) Explanation: How do stars form? Most form in [9]giant molecular clouds located in the [10]central disk of a galaxy. The process is started, influenced, and limited by the [11]stellar winds, [12]jets, [13]high energy starlight, and [14]supernova explosions of previously existing stars. The [15]featured video shows these complex interactions as computed by the [16]STARFORGE simulation of a gas cloud 20,000 times the mass of [17]our Sun. In the [18]time-lapse visualization, lighter regions indicate denser gas, color encodes the gas speed (purple is slow, orange is fast), while dots indicate the positions of newly [19]formed stars. As [20]the video begins, a gas cloud spanning about 50 [21]light years begins to condense under its own gravity. Within 2 million years, the first stars form, while newly formed massive stars are seen to expel [22]impressive [23]jets. The simulation is [24]frozen after 4.3 million years, and the [25]volume then rotated to gain a three-dimensional perspective. Much remains unknown about [26]star formation, including [27]the effect of the jets in limiting the masses of subsequently formed stars. Portal Universe: [28]Random APOD Generator Tomorrow's picture: open space __________________________________________________________________ [29]< | [30]Archive | [31]Submissions | [32]Index | [33]Search | [34]Calendar | [35]RSS | [36]Education | [37]About APOD | [38]Discuss | [39]> __________________________________________________________________ Authors & editors: [40]Robert Nemiroff ([41]MTU) & [42]Jerry Bonnell ([43]UMCP) NASA Official: Phillip Newman [44]Specific rights apply. [45]NASA Web Privacy Policy and Important Notices A service of: [46]ASD at [47]NASA / [48]GSFC & [49]Michigan Tech. U. References 1. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/archivepix.html 2. https://www.youtube.com/embed/BEckYJwCJno?rel=0 3. https://ciera.northwestern.edu/directory/mike-grudic/ 4. https://ciera.northwestern.edu/ 5. http://www.starforge.space/team.html 6. http://www.starforge.space/whatis.html 7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prelude,_Op._28,_No._4_(Chopin) 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frédéric_Chopin 9. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210502.html 10. https://astrobites.org/2013/04/17/the-whirlpool-galaxy-like-youve-never-seen-it-before/ 11. https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/S/Stellar+Winds 12. https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/S/stellar+jets 13. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation 14. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210118.html 15. https://youtu.be/Aehqb-vDV_w 16. http://www.starforge.space/ 17. https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/sun/overview/ 18. http://www.starforge.space/movies.html 19. https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/how-do-stars-form-and-evolve 20. https://youtu.be/BEckYJwCJno 21. https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/light-year/en/ 22. https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5bad12683c000032000b0e42.jpeg 23. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210622.html 24. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap181218.html 25. https://youtu.be/QSivvdIyeG4 26. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_formation 27. https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11249 28. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/random_apod.html 29. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210622.html 30. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/archivepix.html 31. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/apsubmit2015.html 32. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/aptree.html 33. https://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/apod/apod_search 34. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/calendar/allyears.html 35. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod.rss 36. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/edlinks.html 37. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/about_apod.html 38. http://asterisk.apod.com/discuss_apod.php?date=210623 39. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210624.html 40. http://www.phy.mtu.edu/faculty/Nemiroff.html 41. http://www.phy.mtu.edu/ 42. https://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/htmltest/jbonnell/www/bonnell.html 43. http://www.astro.umd.edu/ 44. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/about_apod.html#srapply 45. https://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/HP_Privacy.html 46. https://astrophysics.gsfc.nasa.gov/ 47. https://www.nasa.gov/ 48. https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/ 49. http://www.mtu.edu/